Tungsten Electrode

Features & Benefits

# All About Tungsten in TIG Welding: Types, Selection and Use ## Why tungsten matters in TIG welding This precision comes from an electric arc streaming from a tungsten electrode in the torch. ## Understanding tungsten electrode types ### Pure tungsten (green) With the transformer-based power sources of that era, pure tungsten worked well for AC welding, which is standard for aluminum and magnesium. This created a wide, stable arc and allowed the electrode to carry high current without contaminating the weld puddle.  ### Thoriated tungsten (red) For DC welding — used on all metals other than aluminum and magnesium — adding a small amount of thorium (typically 2%) to the tungsten electrode was a game-changer. This improved arc starts and increased the electrode’s current carrying capacity, making thoriated tungsten the go-to choice for decades. **Performance**: Newer electrode types offer better compatibility with inverter technology. **Safety**: Thorium is slightly radioactive, and handling thoriated electrodes poses health and environmental risks at elevated exposure levels. ### Lanthanated tungsten (blue) The 2% lanthanated tungsten (color-coded blue) is a true all-purpose electrode. It delivers excellent arc starts, handles high current without spitting and maintains a stable arc at both high and low amperage. Best of all, it works on all metals.  ### Ceriated tungsten (gray) 2% ceriated tungsten (gray) is another versatile option, especially for low- and medium-current applications. It offers good arc start and restart characteristics with no spitting, making it a reliable choice for welding all types of metals. If you often work at low amperage, this electrode is worth considering.  ### Rare earth tungsten (chartreuse) Rare earth tungsten (chartreuse) stands out for its exceptional low-current arc starting performance. It works on all metals and is often the preferred choice for automated welding.  ### Zirconiated tungsten (white) Zirconiated tungsten (white) is good for welding aluminum and magnesium alloys. It offers better arc stability and starting performance than pure tungsten, along with high current-carrying capacity, making it a solid choice for these specific applications.  ## Choosing the right tungsten electrode size **Diameter range**: Tungsten electrodes come in a wide range of diameters — from .020-inch up to ¼-inch. **Match the diameter to the current:** – Use a larger diameter for higher amperage jobs. – Use a smaller diameter for easier arc starts at very low amperage settings. **Common choice**: For most general work, a 3/32-inch diameter electrode is a versatile option. It handles light-gauge sheet metal and can weld metals ¼-inch thick or more without issues. **Length:** The standard length for tungsten electrodes is 7 inches. For working in tight spaces, you can cut electrodes, allowing a shorter back cap to be used on the torch.  ## How to prepare and sharpen tungsten electrodes ### Cutting tungsten electrodes Start by cutting the electrode correctly to avoid hidden fractures that can cause an erratic arc. – Use an abrasive cutoff wheel or the corner of a grinding wheel. – Avoid using a wire cutter or bending to break — this can create micro-cracks that can compromise performance. ## Key takeaways When in doubt, start with a good all-purpose electrode like a 3/32-inch diameter 2% lanthanated tungsten. Pair that with proper grinding and contamination prevention, and you’ll maximize electrode life while ensuring consistent, high-quality results on every weld.

Technical Specifications